Thermocalcic Aggregation of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Fragments from Acid Buttermilk Cheese Whey

Response variables as a function of temperature and pH at a Ca concentration of 0.205 g/100g of whey. A) Mass of pellet (g/100g of whey); B) DM content of the pellet (g/100g of pellet); C) recovery (%) of whey polar lipids in the pellet; D) recovery (%) of proteins from the whey in the pellet.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE of acid buttermilk cheese whey fractions, after aggregation and separation. Lanes 1 and 2: supernatant and pellet (40°C, pH 6.5, and 0.17g of Ca/100g of whey); lanes 3 and 4: supernatant and pellet (70°C, pH 6.5, and 0.17g of Ca/100g of whey); lanes 5 and 6: supernatant and pellet (40°C, pH 8, and 0.17g of Ca/100g of whey); lanes 7 and 8: supernatant and pellet (70°C, pH 8, and 0.17g of Ca/100g of whey); lane 9: milk fat globule membrane (MFGM)-protein standard; lane 10: acid buttermilk whey; lane 11: molecular whey standard (kDa). Observed MFGM proteins are xanthine oxidase (XO) adipophilin (ADPH), cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), periodic acid Schiff 6/7 (PAS 6/7), and proteose peptone 3 fraction 1 and 2 (PP3) and are indicated in the middle. Observed whey proteins are BSA, α-LA, and β-LG genetic variants A and B and are indicated at the left. Butyrophilin (BTN), one of the main MFGM proteins, was not observed.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE of acid buttermilk cheese whey supernatants after aggregation at optimal conditions (55°C, pH 7.7, and 0.205g of Ca/100g of whey) and multiple washing steps. Lane 1: acid buttermilk whey; lane 2: molecular mass marker; lane 3: supernatant; lane 4: washing step 1 supernatant; lane 5: washing step 2 supernatant. Observed milk fat globule membrane (MFGM)-proteins are xanthine oxidase (XO) adipophilin (ADPH), cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), periodic acid Schiff 6/7 (PAS 6/7), and proteose peptone 3 fraction 1 and 2 (PP3). Observed whey proteins are BSA, α-LA, and β-LG genetic variants A and B.