Enzymatic Interesterification of Tripalmitin with Vegetable Oil Blends for Formulation of Caprine Milk Infant Formula Analogs

Percentage of linoleic acid content in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and total fat of human milk and infant formulas. GM = Goat milk; F1 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 12h); F2 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 12h); F3 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 24h); F4 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 24h); HM = human milk. Formulas were interesterified at 55°C; the enzyme amount was 10 weight percent of total substrates. Incubation was at 200rpm in n-hexane. Analogs FI, F2, F3, and F4 were not different from HM, whereas GM was different from HM (P<0.05).

Polyunsaturated-to-saturated (P/S) fatty acid ratio of human milk and infant formulas. GM = Goat milk; F1 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 12h); F2 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 12h); F3 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 24h); F4 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 24h); HM = human milk. Formulas were interesterified at 55°C; the enzyme amount was 10 weight percent of total substrates. Incubation was at 200rpm in n-hexane. Analogs FI, F2, F3, and F4 were not different from HM, whereas GM was different from HM (P<0.05).

Percentage totals and ratios of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid content (P/M) of human milk and infant formulas. GM = Goat milk; F1 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 12h); F2 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 12h); F3 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 24h); F4 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 24h); HM = human milk. Formulas were interesterified at 55°C; the enzyme amount was 10 weight percent of total substrates. Incubation was at 200rpm in n-hexane. Analogs FI, F2, F3, and F4 were not different from HM, whereas GM was different from HM (P<0.05).

Oleic acid-to-palmitic acid ratio (OPR) of human milk and infant formulas. GM = goat milk; F1 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 12h); F2 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 12h); F3 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:0.4 molar ratio, 24h); F4 = infant formula produced with tripalmitin and vegetable oil blend (1:1 molar ratio, 24h); HM = human milk. Formulas were interesterified at 55°C; the enzyme amount was 10 weight percent of total substrates. Incubation was at 200rpm in n-hexane. Analogs F2 and F4 were not significantly different from HM, whereas GM, F1, and F3 were significantly different from HM (P<0.05).