Journal of Dairy Science
Volume 90, Issue 9 , Pages 4043-4050 , September 2007

Peptic and Tryptic Hydrolysis of Native and Heated Whey Protein to Reduce Its Antigenicity

Received 5 March 2007 ,Accepted 2 May 2007.

References 

  1. Adamson NJ, Reynolds EC. Characterization of casein phosphopeptides prepared using alcalase: Determination of enzyme specificity. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 1996;19:202–207
  2. Adler-Nissen J. Determination of the degree of hydrolysis of food proteins hydrolysates by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1979;27:1256–1262
  3. Asselin J, Hébert J, Amoit J. Effect of in vitro proteolysis on the allergenicity of major whey protein. J. Food Sci. 1989;54:1037–1039
  4. Brunner JR. Milk proteins. In:  Whitaker JR,  Tannenbaum SR editor. Food Proteins. Westport, CT: AVI; 1977;p. 175–208
  5. Cantor CR, Schimmel PR. Biophysical Chemistry. San Francisco, CA: Freeman; 1980;
  6. Clemente A. Enzymatic protein hydrolysates in human nutrition. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2000;11:254–262
  7. Ena JM, van Beresteijn ECH, Robben AJPM, Schmidt DG. Whey protein antigenicity reduction by fungal proteinases and a pepsin/pancreatic combination. J. Food Sci. 1995;60:104–116
  8. Green NM, Neurath H. Proteolytic enzymes. In: 1st ed..  Neurath H,  Bailey K editor. The Proteins. Vol. 11:New York, NY: Academic Press; 1954;p. 1057–1198Part B
  9. Halken S, Host A. How hypoallergenic are hypoallergenic cow's milk-based formulas?. Allergy. 1997;52:1175–1183
  10. Heyman M. Evaluation of the impact of food technology on the allergenicity of cow's milk proteins. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 1999;58:587–592
  11. Høst A, Husby S, Hansen LK, Østerballe O. Bovine beta-lactoglobulin in human milk from atopic and non-atopic mothers. Relationship to material intake of homogenized and unhomogenized milk. Clin. Exp. Allergy. 1990;20:383–387
  12. Hudson MJ. Product development horizons—A view from the industry. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 1995;49(Suppl. 1):S64–S70
  13. Kananen A, Savolainen J, Mäkinen J, Perttilä U, Myllykoski L, Pihlanto-Leppälä A. Influence of chemical modification of whey protein conformation on hydrolysis with pepsin and trypsin. Int. Dairy J. 2000;10:691–697
  14. Kella NK, Kinsella JE. Enhanced thermodynamic stability of β-lactoglobulin at low pH: A possible mechanism. Biochem. J. 1988;255:113–118
  15. Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature (Lond.). 1970;227:680–685
  16. Leonil J, Molle D, Fauquant J, Maubois JL, Pearce RJ, Bouhallab S. Characterization by mass spectrometry of lactosyl β-lactoglobulin conjugates formed during heat treatment of milk and whey and identification of one lactose binding site. J. Dairy Sci. 1997;80:2270–2281
  17. Lieske B, Konrad G. Interrelation between pH and availability of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin for proteolysis by papain. Int. Dairy J. 1996;6:359–370
  18. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 1951;193:265–275
  19. McKenzie HA. β-Lactoglobulins. In:  McKenzie HA editors. Milk Proteins. Vol. 2:New York, NY: Academic Press; 1971;p. 257–330
  20. Mullally MM, Mehra R, Fitzgerald RJ. Angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory activities of gastric and pancreatic proteinase digests of whey proteins. Int. Dairy J. 1997;7:299–303
  21. Nakamura T, Sado H, Hirota T. Antigenicity of whey protein hydrolysates prepared by combination of two proteases. Milchwissenschaft. 1993;48:667–670
  22. O’Connell JE, Fox PF. Effect of β-lactoglobulin and precipitation of calcium phosphate on the thermal coagulation of milk. J. Dairy Res. 2001;68:81–94
  23. Olsen K, Kristiansen KR, Skibsted LH. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on the steady-state kinetics of tryptic hydrolysis of β-lactoglobulin. Food Chem. 2003;80:255–260
  24. Otte J, Zakora M, Qvist KB, Olsen CE, Barkholt V. Hydrolysis of bovine β-lactoglobulin by various proteases and identification of selected peptides. Int. Dairy J. 1997;7:835–848
  25. Pintado ME, Pintado AE, Malcata FX. Controlled whey protein hydrolysis using two alternative protease. J. Food Eng. 1999;42:1–13
  26. Ragno V, Giampietro PG, Bruno G, Businco L. Allergenicity of milk protein hydrolysate formulae in children with cow milk allergy. Eur. J. Pediatr. 1993;152:760–762
  27. Reddy IM, Kella NK, Kinsella JE. Structural and conformational basis of the resistance of β-lactoglobulin to peptic and chymotryptic digestion. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1988;36:737–741
  28. Schmidt DG, Meijer RJ, Slangen CJ, van Beresteijn EC. Raising the pH of the pepsin-catalysed hydrolysis of bovine whey proteins increases the antigenicity of the hydrolysates. Clin. Exp. Allergy. 1995;25:1007–1017
  29. Schmidt DG, van Markwijk BW. Enzymatic hydrolysis of whey proteins. Influence of heat treatment of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin on their proteolysis by pepsin and papain. Neth. Milk Dairy J. 1993;47:15–22
  30. Sütas Y, Hurme M, Isolauri E. Down-regulation of anti-CD3 antibody-induced IL-4 production by bovine caseins hydrolysed with Lactobacillus GG-derived enzymes. Scand. J. Immunol. 1996;43:687–689
  31. Svenning C, Brynhildsvold J, Molland T, Langrud T, Vegarud GE. Antigenic response of whey proteins and genetic variants of β-lactoglobulin—The effect of proteolysis and processing. Int. Dairy J. 2000;10:699–711
  32. van Beresteijn EC, Peeters RA, Kaper J, Meijer R, Robben A, Schmidt D. Molecular mass distribution, immunological properties and nutritive value of whey protein hydrolysates. J. Food Prot. 1994;57:619–625
  33. Zeiger RS, Heller S, Mellon M, O’Conner R, Hamburger RN. Effectiveness of dietary manipulation in the prevention of food allergy in infants. J. Allergy Clin. Immun. 1986;78:224–238

PII: S0022-0302(07)71861-1

doi: 10.3168/jds.2007-0169

Journal of Dairy Science
Volume 90, Issue 9 , Pages 4043-4050 , September 2007