Journal of Dairy Science
Volume 90, Issue 9 , Pages 4051-4057 , September 2007

Galactose Metabolism and Capsule Formation in a Recombinant Strain of Streptococcus thermophilus with a Galactose-Fermenting Phenotype

  • G. Robitaille

      Affiliations

    • Food Research and Development Centre (FRDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada, J2S 8E3
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author.
  • ,
  • S. Moineau

      Affiliations

    • Département de biochimie et de microbiologie, Faculté des sciences et de génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1K 7P4
    • Groupe de recherche en écologie buccale (GREB), Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1K 7P4
    • Félix d’Hérelle Reference Centre for Bacterial Viruses, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1K 7P4
  • ,
  • D. St-Gelais

      Affiliations

    • Food Research and Development Centre (FRDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada, J2S 8E3
  • ,
  • C. Vadeboncoeur

      Affiliations

    • Département de biochimie et de microbiologie, Faculté des sciences et de génie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1K 7P4
    • Groupe de recherche en écologie buccale (GREB), Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1K 7P4
  • ,
  • M. Britten

      Affiliations

    • Food Research and Development Centre (FRDC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada, J2S 8E3

Received 22 February 2007 ,Accepted 25 May 2007.

References 

  1. Adapa S, Schmidt KA. Physical properties of low-fat sour cream containing exopolysaccharide-producing lactic acid. J. Food Sci. 1998;63:901–903
  2. AOAC. 16th ed.. Official Methods of Analysis. Vol II. Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists; 1995;
  3. Broadbent JR, McMahon DJ, Oberg CJ, Welker DL. Use of exopolysaccharide-producing cultures to improve the functionality of low fat cheese. Int. Dairy J. 2001;11:433–439
  4. Broadbent JR, McMahon DJ, Welker DL, Oberg CJ, Moineau S. Biochemistry, genetics and applications of exopolysaccharide production in Streptococcus thermophilus: A review. J. Dairy Sci. 2003;86:407–423
  5. Buckley ND, Vadeboncoeur C, LeBlanc DJ, Donald J, Lee LN, Frenette M. An effective strategy, applicable to Streptococcus salivarius and related bacteria, to enhance or confer electroporation competence. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1999;65:3800–3804
  6. de Man JD, Rogosa M, Sharpe ME. A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 1960;23:130–135
  7. De Vin F, Radstrom P, Herman L, De Vuyst L. Molecular and biochemical analysis of the galactose phenotype of dairy Streptococcus thermophilus strains reveals four different fermentation profiles. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2005;71:3659–3667
  8. de Vuyst L, Degeest BF. Heteropolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 1999;23:153–177
  9. Girard, S. L., and S. Moineau. 2007. Analysis of two theta-replicating plasmids of Streptococcus thermophilus. Plasmid doi:10.1016/j.plasmid.2007.03.003
  10. Gunnewijk MGW, Poolman B. HPr(His˜P)-mediated phosphorylation differently affects counterflow and proton motive force-driven uptake via the lactose transport protein of Streptococcus thermophilus. J. Biol. Chem. 2000;275:34080–34085
  11. Hassan AN, Frank JF, Shalabi SI. Factors affecting capsule size and production by lactic acid bacteria used as dairy starter cultures. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2001;64:199–203
  12. Hutkins RW, Morris HA. Carbohydrate metabolism by Streptococcus thermophilus: A review. J. Food Prot. 1987;50:876–884
  13. Johnson ME, Olson NF. Nonenzymatic browning of Mozzarella cheese. J. Dairy Sci. 1985;68:3143–3147
  14. Kouomegne R, Bracquart P, Linden G. Application d’un réactif de transparisation du lait au dénombrement de bactéries. Lait. 1984;64:418–435
  15. Lamboley L, St-Gelais D, Champagne CP, Lamoureux M. Growth and morphology of thermophilic dairy starters in alginate beads. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 2003;49:205–214
  16. Levander F, Radstrom P. Requirement of phosphoglucomutase in exopolysaccharide biosynthesis in glucose- and lactose-utilizing Streptococcus thermophilus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2001;67:2734–2738
  17. Low D, Ahlgren JA, Horne D, McMahon DJ, Oberg CJ, Broadbent JR. Role of Streptococcus thermophilus MR-1C capsular exopolysaccharide in cheese moisture retention. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1998;64:2147–2151
  18. Matzdorf B, Cuppett SL, Keeler L, Hutkins RW. Browning of Mozzarella cheese during high temperature pizza baking. J. Dairy Sci. 1994;77:2850–2853
  19. Mistry VV, Anderson DL. Composition and microstructure of commercial full-fat and low-fat cheeses. J. Food Sci. 1993;12:259–266
  20. Mora D, Fortina MG, Parini C, Ricci G, Gatti M, Giraffa G, et al. Genetic diversity and technological properties of Streptococcus thermophilus strains isolated from dairy products. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2002;93:278–287
  21. Mukherjee KK, Hutkins RW. Isolation of galactose-fermenting thermophilic cultures and their use in the manufacture of low browning Mozzarella cheese. J. Dairy Sci. 1994;77:2839–2849
  22. Perry DB, McMahon DJ, Oberg CJ. Effect of exopolysaccharide-producing cultures on moisture retention in low-fat Mozzarella cheese. J. Dairy Sci. 1997;80:799–805
  23. Petersen BL, Dave RI, McMahon DJ, Oberg CJ, Broadbent JR. Influence of capsular and ropy exopolysaccharide-producing Streptococcus thermophilus on Mozzarella cheese and cheese whey. J. Dairy Sci. 2000;83:1952–1956
  24. Purvis U, Sharpe AN, Burgener DM, Lachapelle G, Milling M, Spiring F. Comparison of bacterial counts obtained from naturally contaminated foods by means of stomacher and blender. Can. J. Microbiol. 1987;33:52–56
  25. Poolman B, Royer TJ, Mainzer SE, Schmidt BF. Lactose transport system of Streptococcus thermophilus, a hybrid protein with homology to the melibiose carrier and enzyme III of phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system. J. Bacteriol. 1989;171:244–253
  26. Robitaille G, Moineau S, St-Gelais D, Vadeboncoeur C, Britten M. Detection and quantification of capsular exopolysaccharides from Streptococcus thermophilus using lectin probes. J. Dairy Sci. 2006;89:4156–4162
  27. Sizemore RK, Cadwell JJ, Kendrick AS. Alternate gram staining technique using fluorescent lectin. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1990;56:2245–2247
  28. St-Gelais D, Doyon D, Rolland JD, Goulet J. Sugar and organic acid concentrations during ripening of Cheddar cheese-like products. Milchwissenschaft. 1991;46:288–291
  29. Terzaghi BE, Sandine WE. Improved medium for lactic streptococci and their bacteriophages. Appl. Microbiol. 1975;20:807–813
  30. Tremblay DM, Moineau S. Complete genomic sequence of the lytic bacteriophage DT1 of Streptococcus thermophilus. Virology. 1999;255:63–76
  31. Vaillancourt K, LeMay J-D, Lamoureux M, Frenette M, Moineau S, Vadeboncoeur C. Characterization of a galactokinase-positive recombinant strain of Streptococcus thermophilus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2004;70:4596–4603
  32. Vaillancourt K, Moineau S, Frenette M, Lessard C, Vadeboncoeur C. Galactose and lactose genes from the galactose-positive bacterium Streptococcus salivarius and the phylogenetically related galactose-negative bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus: Organization, sequence, transcription, and activity of the gal gene products. J. Bacteriol. 2002;184:785–793

PII: S0022-0302(07)71862-3

doi: 10.3168/jds.2007-0140

Journal of Dairy Science
Volume 90, Issue 9 , Pages 4051-4057 , September 2007