Journal of Dairy Science
Volume 90, Issue 10 , Pages 4499-4512 , October 2007

Effect of Cutting Time, Temperature, and Calcium on Curd Moisture, Whey Fat Losses, and Curd Yield by Response Surface Methodology

  • C.C. Fagan

      Affiliations

    • Biosystems Engineering, UCD School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author.
  • ,
  • M. Castillo

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, 128C. E. Barnhart Building, Lexington, KY 40546-0276
  • ,
  • F.A. Payne

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, 128C. E. Barnhart Building, Lexington, KY 40546-0276
  • ,
  • C.P. O’Donnell

      Affiliations

    • Biosystems Engineering, UCD School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
  • ,
  • D.J. O’Callaghan

      Affiliations

    • Moorepark Food Research Centre, Teagasc, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland

Received 1 May 2007 ,Accepted 19 June 2007.

References 

  1. Bohlin L, Hegg PO, Ljusbergwahren H. Viscoelastic properties of coagulating milk. J. Dairy Sci. 1984;67:729–734
  2. Castillo M, Lucey JA, Payne FA. The effect of temperature and inoculum concentration on rheological and light scatter properties of milk coagulated by a combination of bacterial fermentation and chymosin. Cottage cheese-type gels. Int. Dairy J. 2006;16:131–146
  3. Castillo M, Lucey JA, Wang T, Payne FA. Effect of temperature and inoculum concentration on gel microstructure, permeability and syneresis kinetics. Cottage cheese-type gels. Int. Dairy J. 2006;16:153–163
  4. Castillo M, Payne FA, Hicks CL, Laencina J, López MB. Effect of protein and temperature on cutting time prediction in goats’ milk using an optical reflectance sensor. J. Dairy Res. 2003;70:205–215
  5. Castillo M, Payne FA, Hicks CL, Laencina J, López MB. Effect of calcium and enzyme in cutting time prediction of coagulating goats’ milk using a light scattering sensor. Int. Dairy J. 2002;12:1019–1023
  6. Castillo M, Payne FA, Hicks CL, López MB. Predicting cutting and clotting time of coagulating goat's milk using diffuse reflectance: Effect of pH, temperature and enzyme concentration. Int. Dairy J. 2000;10:551–562
  7. Castillo M, Payne F, Shea A. Development of a combined sensor technology for monitoring coagulation and syneresis operations in cheese making. J. Dairy Sci. 2005;88(Suppl. 1):142;(Abstr.)
  8. Dejmek P, Walstra P. The syneresis of rennet-coagulated curd. In:  Fox PFP,  McSweeney LH,  Cogan TM,  Guinee TP editor. Cheese: Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology Volume 1: General Aspects. the Netherlands: Elsevier, Amsterdam; 2004;p. 70–103
  9. Everard CD, Fagan CC, O’Donnell CP, O’Callaghan DJ, Castillo M, Payne FA. Computer vision and color measurement techniques for inline monitoring of cheese curd syneresis. J. Dairy Sci. 2007;90:3162–3170
  10. Fagan CC, Leedy M, Castillo M, Payne FA, O’Donnell CP, O’Callaghan DJ. Development of a light scatter sensor technology for on-line monitoring of milk coagulation and whey separation. J. Food Eng. 2007;doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.1012.1014
  11. Fox PF, McSweeney PLH. Advanced Dairy Chemistry. Vol. 2. New York, NY: Lipids. Springer; 2006;
  12. Johnston KA, Luckman MS, Lilley HG, Smale BM. Effect of various cutting and stirring conditions on curd particle size losses of fat to the whey during cheddar manufacture in ost vats. Int. Dairy J. 1998;8:281–288
  13. Johnson ME, Chen CM, Jaeggi JJ. Effect of rennet coagulation time on composition, yield, and quality of reduced-fat cheddar cheese. J. Dairy Sci. 2001;84:1027–1033
  14. Lagoueyte N, Lablee J, Lagaude A, DeLaFuente BT. Temperature affects microstructure of renneted milk gel. J. Food Sci. 1994;59:956–959
  15. Lawrence AJ. Syneresis of rennet curd. Part 1. Effect of time and temperature. Aust. J. Dairy Technol. 1959;14:166–168
  16. Lawrence RC. Processing conditions. In: Factors Affecting the Yield of Cheese. Brussels, Belgium: International Dairy Federation; 1991;64–78
  17. Lawrence RC, Johnston KA, Honore C. Cheese yield, quality and profitability. Cheese Yield and Factors Affecting Its Control. Brussels, Belgium: International Dairy Federation; 1993;pages 529–538
  18. Lucey JA. Formation and physical properties of milk protein gels. J. Dairy Sci. 2002;85:281–294
  19. Lucey JA, Fox PF. Importance of calcium and phosphate in cheese manufacture: A review. J. Dairy Sci. 1993;79:1714–1724
  20. Marshall R. An improved method for measurement of the syneresis of curd formed by rennet action on milk. J. Dairy Res. 1982;49:329–336
  21. McMahon DJ, Brown RJ, Richardson GH, Ernstrom CA. Effects of calcium, phosphate and bulk culture media on milk coagulation properties. J. Dairy Sci. 1984;67:930–938
  22. Mellema M, Walstra P, Opheusden JHJv, Vliet TV. Effects of structural rearrangements on the rheology of rennet-induced casein particle gels. Adv. Colloid Interf. Sci. 2002;98:25–50
  23. Mishra R, Govindasamy-Lucey S, Lucey JA. Rheological properties of rennet-induced gels during the coagulation and cutting process: Impact of processing conditions. J. Texture Stud. 2005;36:190–212
  24. Najera AI, de Renobales M, Barron LJR. Effects of pH, temperature, CaCl2 and enzyme concentrations on the rennet-clotting properties of milk: A multifactorial study. Food Chem. 2003;80:345–352
  25. O’Callaghan DJ, Mulholland EP, Duffy AP, O’Donnell CP, Payne FA. Evaluation of hot wire and optical sensors for on-line monitoring of curd firmness during milk coagulation. Irish J. Agric. Food Res. 2001;40:227–238
  26. Payne FA, Hicks CL, Shen PS. Predicting optimal cutting time of coagulating milk using diffuse reflectance. J. Dairy Sci. 1993;76:48–61
  27. Sharma SK, Hill AR, Mittal GS. Effect of milk concentration, pH and temperature on aggregation kinetics and coagulation properties of ultrafiltered (UF) milk. Food Res. Int. 1993;26:81–87
  28. van den Bijgaart, H. J. C. M. 1988. Syneresis of rennet-induced milk gels as influenced by cheesemaking parameters. PhD Thesis. Wageningen Agricultural Univ., Wageningen, the Netherlands.
  29. van Vliet T, van Dijk F HJM, Zoon P, Walstra P. Relation between syneresis and rheological properties of particle gels. Colloid Polym. Sci. 1991;269:620–627
  30. Zoon P, Vanvliet T, Walstra P. Rheological properties of rennet-induced skim milk gels. 2. The effect of temperature. Neth. Milk Dairy J. 1988;42:271–294

PII: S0022-0302(07)71914-8

doi: 10.3168/jds.2007-0329

Journal of Dairy Science
Volume 90, Issue 10 , Pages 4499-4512 , October 2007