Enhancing the Lethal Effect of High-Intensity Pulsed Electric Field in Milk by Antimicrobial Compounds as Combined Hurdles

Microbial inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in milk by combining nisin (IU/mL) and lysozyme (IU/mL) addition at different pH values: A) 5.0 and B) 6.8.

Microbial inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in milk by combining nisin (IU/mL) and lysozyme (IU/mL) addition before applying high-intensity pulsed electric field (HIPEF) treatment (35kV/cm, 6-μs pulse width, 75Hz frequency, and bipolar mode) at different milk pH: A) pH 6.8 and 120-μs HIPEF treatment time; B) pH 6.8 and 1,200-μs HIPEF treatment time; C) pH 5.0 and 1,200-μs HIPEF treatment time.