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Article| Volume 80, ISSUE 7, P1260-1268, July 1997

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Physiological Changes at Parturition and Their Relationship to Metabolic Disorders1,2

  • Author Footnotes
    3 To whom reprint requests should be addressed.
    J.P. Goff
    Footnotes
    3 To whom reprint requests should be addressed.
    Affiliations
    USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Metabolic Diseases and Immunology Unit, Ames, IA 50010-0070
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  • R.L. Horst
    Affiliations
    USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Metabolic Diseases and Immunology Unit, Ames, IA 50010-0070
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  • Author Footnotes
    1 Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable.
    2 Invited paper.
    3 To whom reprint requests should be addressed.
Open ArchiveDOI:https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76055-7
Physiological Changes at Parturition and Their Relationship to Metabolic Disorders1,2
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      Abstract

      Most of the metabolic diseases of dairy cows—milk fever, ketosis, retained placenta, and displacement of the abomasum—occur within the first 2 wk of lactation. The etiology of many of those metabolic diseases that are not clinically apparent during the first 2 wk of lactation, such as laminitis, can be traced back to insults that occurred during early lactation. In addition to metabolic disease, the overwhelming majority of infectious disease, in particular mastitis, becomes clinically apparent during the first 2 wk of lactation. Three basic physiological functions must be maintained during the periparturient period if disease is to be avoided: adaptation of the rumen to lactation diets that are high in energy density, maintenance of normocalcemia, and maintenance of a strong immune system. The incidence of both metabolic and infectious diseases is greatly increased whenever one or more of these physiological functions are impaired. This paper discusses the etiological role of each of these factors in the development of common diseases encountered during the periparturient period.

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      Article info

      Publication history

      Accepted: September 4, 1996
      Received: April 12, 1996

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      DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76055-7

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      © 1997 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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